D2 Powder
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D2 Powder
| Product | D2 Powder |
| CAS No. | 7782-39-0 |
| Appearance | White-Off White Powder |
| Purity | ≥99%, ≥99.9%, ≥95%(Other purities are also available) |
| APS | 1-5 µM, 10-53 µM (Can be customized), Ask for other available size range. |
| Ingredient | C28H44O2 |
| Density | 7.7g/cm3 |
| Molecular Weight | N/A |
| Product Codes | NCZ-DCY-350/25 |
D2 Description:
D2 Powder is one of the numerous advanced ceramic materials manufactured by Nanochemazone. Nanochemazone produces too many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia) and follows applicable ASTM testing standards. Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information are available. Please request a quote above for more information on lead time and pricing.
D2 Powder Related Information :
Storage Conditions:
Airtight sealed, avoid light and keep dry at room temperature.
Please contact us for customization and price inquiry
Email: contact@nanochemazone.com
Note: We supply different size ranges of Nano and micron as per the client’s requirements and also accept customization in various parameters.
D2 Powder
D2 powder is a cold work tool steel powder offering an excellent combination of high hardness, wear resistance, and toughness. It is a versatile chromium-molybdenum-vanadium alloy widely used for pressing into cutting tools, dies, precision parts, and wear components across industrial sectors.
Overview of D2 Powder
D2 powder is a cold work tool steel powder offering an excellent combination of high hardness, wear resistance, and toughness. It is a versatile chromium-molybdenum-vanadium alloy widely used for pressing into cutting tools, dies, precision parts, and wear components across industrial sectors.
Key properties and advantages of D2 powder include:
D2 Powder Properties and Characteristics
| Properties | Details |
| Composition | Fe-1.5Cr-0.3C-0.4V-1Mo alloy |
| Density | 7.7 g/cc |
| Particle shape | Spherical or irregular |
| Size range | 10-150 microns |
| Apparent density | Up to 60% of true density |
| Flowability | Good |
| Hardness | 60-62 HRC when heat treated |
| Toughness | Very good |
D2’s exceptional combination of hardness, strength, and impact resistance make it the top choice for cold work tooling needing extended service life.
D2 Powder Composition
| Element | Weight % |
| Iron (Fe) | Balance |
| Chromium (Cr) | 11-13% |
| Carbon (C) | 1.4-1.6% |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | 0.75-1.2% |
| Vanadium (V) | 0.7-1.2% |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.3-0.6% |
| Silicon (Si) | 0.15-0.4% |
Iron provides the ferritic matrix
Chromium contributes to hardness and wear resistance
Carbon enables high hardness in heat treated condition
Molybdenum and vanadium form carbides enhancing wear resistance
Manganese and silicon improve solid solution strengthening
D2 Powder Physical Properties
| Property | Value |
| Density | 7.7 g/cc |
| Melting point | 1460-1500°C |
| Thermal conductivity | 21 W/mK |
| Electrical resistivity | 0.7 μΩ-m |
| Curie temperature | 1010°C |
| Maximum service temperature | 180-200°C |
High density provides component miniaturization capabilities
Retains high hardness and strength at elevated temperatures
Becomes paramagnetic above Curie point
Relatively low service temperature due to tempering effect
The properties allow D2 to be used in cold work tooling applications at high hardness levels.
D2 Powder Mechanical Properties
| Property | Value |
| Hardness | 60-62 HRC |
| Transverse rupture strength | 1900-2100 MPa |
| Tensile strength | 2050-2200 MPa |
| Yield strength | 1700-1900 MPa |
| Elongation | 8-11% |
| Impact toughness | 12-15 J/cm2 |
Exceptional hardness when heat treated
Very high strength with reasonable ductility
Excellent impact toughness for a tool steel
High fatigue strength for extended tool life
Strength and ductility values depend on heat treatment
The properties make D2 suitable for the most demanding cold work tooling and die applications requiring extreme wear resistance.
D2 Powder Applications
| Industry | Example Uses |
| Manufacturing | Press tooling, punch and dies |
| Automotive | Blank, pierce, trim, and forming dies |
| Aerospace | Forming dies, fixtures |
| Consumer goods | Razors, knives, scissors |
| Industrial | Drawing dies, thread rolling dies |
Some specific product uses:
Cold heading dies for fastener manufacturing
Coining dies for minting precise parts
Thread rolling dies for bolt production
Draw, punch, blanking dies across sectors
Surgical tools and cutlery
Pelletizing tooling
D2 is the premier powder metal tool steel preferred for the longest lasting cold work tooling, metal forming dies, and precision components across all industries.
D2 Powder Standards
| Standard | Description |
| ASTM A681 | Standard for tool steels alloys |
| DIN 1.2379 | Equivalent to AISI D2 |
| JIS G 4404 | Cold work tool steels |
| ISO 4957 | Tool steels |
| GOST 5950 | Tool steel grades |
These define:
Chemical composition limits of D2 steel
Required mechanical properties in heat treated condition
Permissible impurities
Approved production methods like gas atomization
Compliance testing protocols
Packaging, identification requirements
D2 powder made to these specifications ensures suitability for tooling applications requiring maximum wear resistance, impact toughness and dimensional stability.
D2 Powder Particle Sizes
| Particle Size | Characteristics |
| 10-22 microns | Ultrafine grade provides highest density |
| 22-53 microns | Most commonly used size range |
| 53-105 microns | Coarser size provides good flowability |
Finer particles allow greater densification during sintering
Coarser particles improve powder flow into die cavities
Size is selected based on final part properties needed
Both gas and water atomized particles used
Controlling size distribution optimizes pressing behavior, sintered density, and final component performance.
D2 Powder Apparent Density
| Apparent Density | Details |
| Up to 60% of true density | For spherical powder morphology |
| 4.5-5.5 g/cc typical | Higher density improves flow and compressibility |
Spherical powder shape provides high apparent density
Irregular powder has lower density around 50%
Higher apparent density improves press fill efficiency
Enables easier compaction into complex tool geometries
Higher apparent density leads to better manufacturing productivity and component quality.
| Method | Details |
| Gas atomization | High pressure inert gas breaks up molten alloy stream into fine droplets |
| Vacuum induction melting | High purity input materials melted under vacuum |
| Multiple remelting | Enhances chemical homogeneity |
| Sieving | Classifies powder into different particle size fractions |
Gas atomization provides spherical powder shape
Vacuum melting eliminates gaseous impurities
Multiple remelting improves uniformity
Post-processing allows particle size customization
Fully automated processes combined with strict quality control ensures reliable and consistent properties of D2 powder critical for tooling performance.
D2 Powder Handling and Storage
| Recommendation | Reason |
| Ensure adequate ventilation | Prevent exposure to fine metal particles |
| Wear protective gear | Avoid accidental ingestion |
| Ground all equipment | Prevent static sparks |
| Avoid ignition sources | Flammable dust risk |
| Use non-sparking tools | Prevent ignition during handling |
| Follow safe protocols | Reduce fire, explosion, and health risks |
Storage Recommendations
Store sealed containers in a cool, dry area
Limit exposure to moisture, acids, chlorides
Maintain temperatures below 27°C
Proper precautions during handling and storage help preserve purity and prevent health or fire hazards.
D2 Powder Inspection and Testing
| Test | Details |
| Chemical analysis | Verifies composition using optical or ICP spectroscopy |
| Particle size distribution | Determines sizes using laser diffraction or sieving |
| Apparent density | Measured using Hall flowmeter as per ASTM B212 |
| Powder morphology | SEM imaging to determine particle shape |
| Flow rate analysis | Gravity flow rate through specified funnel |
| Tap density test | Density measured after mechanically tapping powder sample |
Testing ensures the powder meets the required chemical composition, physical characteristics, particle size distribution, morphology, density, and flow rate specifications.
D2 Powder Pros and Cons
Advantages of D2 Powder
Exceptional hardness when heat treated
Excellent wear and abrasion resistance
Very high strength combined with good impact toughness
Dimensional stability in cold work service
Good grindability compared to other tool steels
Relatively cost-effective
Limitations of D2 Powder
Moderate corrosion resistance without surface treatment
Limited high temperature strength and creep resistance
Requires careful heat treatment by experienced providers
Not weldable using conventional welding methods
Large sections can experience embrittlement
Brittle fracture mode limits cold formability
Comparison With S7 Tool Steel Powder
D2 vs S7 Tool Steel Powder
| Parameter | D2 | S7 |
| Hardness | 60-62 HRC | 63-65 HRC |
| Toughness | Very good | Good |
| Wear resistance | Excellent | Outstanding |
| Corrosion resistance | Moderate | Low |
| Cold strength | Excellent | Very good |
| Cost | Low | High |
D2 has slightly lower hardness but much better toughness
S7 provides the maximum wear resistance
D2 has better corrosion resistance uncoated
S7 has higher hot hardness and hot strength
D2 is more cost effective
D2 Powder FAQs
Q: What are the main applications of D2 tool steel powder?
A: Main applications include cold pressing tooling, blanking and punching dies, coin minting dies, thread rolling dies, surgical tools, knives, industrial knives, and precision ground shafts and pins.
Q: What heat treatment is used for D2 tool steel powder?
A: D2 is typically heat treated by austenitizing at 1010-1040°C, quenching in oil or air, and tempering at 150-350°C to achieve a hardness of 60-62 HRC.
Q: How does vanadium improve the properties of D2 steel?
A: Vanadium forms fine carbides with iron and chromium that impart significant wear resistance and abrasion resistance while also enhancing impact toughness.
Q: What precautions should be taken when working with D2 powder?
A: Recommended precautions include ventilation, inert atmosphere, avoiding ignition sources, grounding equipment, using non-sparking tools, protective gear, and safe storage away from moisture or contamination.
Description
Description
Note: For pricing & ordering information, please get in touch with us at sales@nanochemazone.com
Please contact us for quotes on Larger Quantities and customization. E-mail: contact@nanochemazone.com
Customization:
If you are planning to order large quantities for your industrial and academic needs, please note that customization of parameters (such as size, length, purity, functionalities, etc.) is available upon request.
NOTE:
Images, pictures, colors, particle sizes, purity, packing, descriptions, and specifications for the real and actual goods may differ. These are only used on the website for the purposes of reference, advertising, and portrayal. Please contact us via email at sales@nanochemazone.com or by phone at (+1 780 612 4177) if you have any
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| Layer height | 20-100 μm | Balance speed and resolution |
| Laser power | 150-400 W | Sufficient melting without evaporation |
| Scan speed | 400-1000 mm/s | Productivity vs density |
| Hatch spacing | 100-200 μm | Density and properties |
| Support structure | Minimal | Easy removal |
| Hot isostatic pressing | 1120°C, 100 MPa, 3h | Eliminate porosity |
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| Medical | Dental implants, surgical instruments |
| Automotive | High strength fasteners, gears |
| Consumer | Watch cases, sporting equipment |
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| Purity | >99.9% |
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| Appearance | Metallic Gray or Silver Powder |
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| Nickel (Ni) | 8-10.5 |
| Manganese (Mn) | <2 |
| Silicon (Si) | <1 |
| Carbon (C) | <0.03 |
| Sulfur (S) | <0.03 |
| Phosphorus (P) | <0.045 |
| Nitrogen (N) | <0.1 |
| Iron (Fe) | Balance |
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| Ultimate Tensile Strength | 505-620 MPa |
| Yield Strength | 205-275 MPa |
| Elongation | ≥40% |
| Hardness | ≤92 HRB |
| Modulus of Elasticity | 190-210 GPa |
| Melting Point | 1400-1450°C |
| Thermal Conductivity | 16 W/m-K |
| Electrical Resistivity | 0.072 μΩ-cm |
| Attribute | Details |
| Particles sizes | 15-45 μm, 10-100 μm |
| Morphology | Spherical, irregular |
| Apparent density | 2.5-4.5 g/cm3 |
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310 Powder
310 Powder
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| CAS No. | N/A |
| Appearance | Metallic Gray Powder |
| Purity | ≥99%, ≥99.9%, ≥95%(Other purities are also available) |
| APS | 1-5 µM, 10-53 µM (Can be customized), Ask for other available size range. |
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| Molecular Weight | N/A |
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| Composition | Fe-25Cr-20Ni-0.25N alloy |
| Density | 8.1 g/cc |
| Particle shape | Irregular, angular |
| Size range | 10-150 microns |
| Apparent density | Up to 50% of true density |
| Flowability | Moderate |
| Strength | Very high for a 300 series powder |
| Wear resistance | Excellent due to work hardening |
| Element | Weight % |
| Iron (Fe) | Balance |
| Chromium (Cr) | 24-26% |
| Nickel (Ni) | 19-22% |
| Nitrogen (N) | 0.2-0.4% |
| Carbon (C) | 0.25% max |
| Silicon (Si) | 1.5% max |
| Manganese (Mn) | 2% max |
| Sulfur (S) | 0.03% max |
| Phosphorus (P) | 0.045% max |
| Property | Values |
| Density | 8.1 g/cc |
| Melting point | 1370-1400°C |
| Electrical resistivity | 0.8 μΩ-m |
| Thermal conductivity | 12 W/mK |
| Thermal expansion | 11 x 10^-6 /K |
| Maximum service temperature | 1150°C |
| Property | Values |
| Tensile strength | 760-900 MPa |
| Yield strength | 450-550 MPa |
| Elongation | 35-40% |
| Hardness | 32-38 HRC |
| Impact strength | 50-100 J |
| Modulus of elasticity | 190-210 GPa |
| Industry | Example Uses |
| Petrochemical | Valves, pumps, shafts |
| Food processing | Extruder screws, blades |
| Automotive | Gears, shafts, fasteners |
| Manufacturing | Press tooling, bearing cages |
| Medical | Surgical instruments, implants |
| Standard | Description |
| ASTM A276 | Standard specification for stainless steel bars and shapes |
| ASTM A314 | Standard for stainless steel bent pipe and tubing |
| ASME SA-479 | Specification for stainless steel tubing |
| AMS 5517 | Annealed corrosion resistant steel bar, wire, forgings |
| AMS 5903 | Precipitation hardening stainless steel bar, wire, forgings |
| Particle Size | Characteristics |
| 10-45 microns | Ultrafine grade for high density and surface finish |
| 45-150 microns | Coarse grade provides good flowability |
| 15-150 microns | Standard grade for pressing and sintering |
| Apparent Density | Details |
| Up to 50% of true density | For irregular powder morphology |
| 4.5-5.5 g/cc typical | Improves with greater packing density |
| Method | Details |
| Gas atomization | High pressure inert gas breaks molten metal stream into fine droplets |
| Water atomization | High pressure water jet breaks metal into fine particles |
| Vacuum induction melting | High purity input materials melted under vacuum |
| Multiple remelting | Improves chemical homogenization |
| Sieving | Classifies powder into different particle size ranges |
| Recommendation | Reason |
| Use PPE and ventilation | Avoid exposure to fine metallic particles |
| Ensure proper grounding | Prevent static discharge while handling |
| Avoid ignition sources | Powder can combust in oxygen atmosphere |
| Use non-sparking tools | Prevent possibility of ignition |
| Follow safety protocols | Reduce risk of burns, inhalation, ingestion |
| Store in stable containers | Prevent contamination or oxidation |
| Test | Details |
| Chemical analysis | ICP and XRF verify composition |
| Particle size distribution | Laser diffraction determines size distribution |
| Apparent density | Hall flowmeter test per ASTM B212 standard |
| Powder morphology | SEM imaging shows particle shape |
| Flow rate analysis | Gravity flow rate through specified nozzle |
| Loss on ignition | Determines residual moisture content |
| Parameter | 310 | 316L |
| Density | 8.1 g/cc | 8.0 g/cc |
| Strength | 760-900 MPa | 485-550 MPa |
| Hardness | 32-38 HRC | 79-95 HRB |
| Corrosion resistance | Very good | Excellent |
| Cost | Low | High |
| Uses | Wear parts, tools | Chemical plants, marine |
A100 Steel Alloy Powder
A100 Steel Alloy Powder
| Product | A100 Steel Alloy Powder |
| CAS No. | N/A |
| Appearance | Silvery-Gray Powder |
| Purity | ≥99%, ≥99.9%, ≥95%(Other purities are also available) |
| APS | 1-5 µM, 10-53 µM (Can be customized), Ask for other available size range. |
| Ingredient | Fe-0.5C-1.5Ni-0.5Cr |
| Density | 8.22g/cm3 |
| Molecular Weight | N/A |
| Product Codes | NCZ-DCY-245/25 |
A100 Steel Alloy Description:
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Storage Conditions: Airtight sealed, avoid light and keep dry at room temperature. Please contact us for customization and price inquiry Email: contact@nanochemazone.com Note: We supply different size ranges of Nano and micron as per the client’s requirements and also accept customization in various parameters. A100 steel alloy powder A100 steel alloy powder is a specialized form of steel that consists of a precise blend of iron and other alloying elements. It is manufactured by atomization, a process that involves rapidly solidifying molten metal into fine powder particles. This fine powder exhibits excellent flowability and can be easily consolidated into various shapes using powder metallurgy techniques. Overview of A100 Steel Alloy Powder A100 stainless steel contains high levels of nickel and manganese along with chromium, nitrogen and carbon to achieve outstanding low temperature toughness and ductility. It retains excellent impact strength and resistance to cryogenic embrittlement down to the temperature of liquid helium. Key characteristics of A100 powder include: Excellent low temperature toughness and ductility High impact strength at cryogenic temperatures Good strength and hardness at room temperature Very good weldability and fabricability Resistant to cryogenic embrittlement Available in various particle size distributions A100 powder is designed for applications requiring thermal stability and toughness at extremely low temperatures such as liquid natural gas storage and transportation. This article provides a detailed overview of this alloy powder. Chemical Composition of A100 Powder| Element | Weight % |
| Nickel (Ni) | 9-11% |
| Manganese (Mn) | 12-14% |
| Chromium (Cr) | 14-16% |
| Nitrogen (N) | 0.15-0.30% |
| Carbon (C) | 0.08% max |
| Silicon (Si) | 1% max |
| Iron (Fe) | Balance |
| Property | Value |
| Density | 7.9-8.1 g/cm3 |
| Melting Point | 1400-1450°C |
| Thermal Conductivity | 12 W/mK |
| Electrical Resistivity | 0.80 μΩ.cm |
| Young’s Modulus | 190-210 GPa |
| Poisson’s Ratio | 0.29-0.30 |
| Tensile Strength | 620 MPa |
| Yield Strength | 275 MPa |
| Elongation | 35-40% |
| Impact Strength | 50-120 J at -196°C |
| Parameter | A100 | 304L |
| Type | Austenitic | Austenitic |
| Ni content | 9-11% | 8-12% |
| Low temperature toughness | Excellent | Poor |
| Corrosion resistance | Moderate | Excellent |
| Cost | Higher | Lower |
| Weldability | Very good | Excellent |
| Applications | Cryogenic parts | Automotive, appliances |
M2 Powder
M2 Powder
| Product | M2 Powder |
| CAS No. | N/A |
| Appearance | Gray Powder |
| Purity | ≥99%, ≥99.9%, ≥95%(Other purities are also available) |
| APS | 1-5 µM, 10-53 µM (Can be customized), Ask for other available size range. |
| Ingredient | Fe-C-Cr-Mo-W-V |
| Density | N/A |
| Molecular Weight | N/A |
| Product Codes | NCZ-DCY-254/25 |
M2 Description:
M2 Powder is one of the numerous advanced ceramic materials manufactured by Nanochemazone. Nanochemazone produces too many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia) and follows applicable ASTM testing standards. Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information are available. Please request a quote above for more information on lead time and pricingM2 Powder Related Information :
Storage Conditions: Airtight sealed, avoid light and keep dry at room temperature. Please contact us for customization and price inquiry Email: contact@nanochemazone.com Note: We supply different size ranges of Nano and micron as per the client’s requirements and also accept customization in various parameters. M2 Powder M2 is a high-speed steel powder characterized by its high hardness and wear resistance along with good toughness and compressive strength. It is widely used in metal additive manufacturing to produce durable tooling for cutting, forming and stamping applications. M2 is a high-speed steel powder characterized by its high hardness and wear resistance along with good toughness and compressive strength. It is widely used in metal additive manufacturing to produce durable tooling for cutting, forming and stamping applications. Composition of M2 Powder| Element | Weight % | Purpose |
| Tungsten | 6.0 – 6.8 | Hardness, wear resistance |
| Molybdenum | 4.8 – 5.5 | Toughness, strength |
| Chromium | 3.8 – 4.5 | Hardening, wear resistance |
| Vanadium | 1.9 – 2.2 | Hardening, wear resistance |
| Carbon | 0.78 – 0.88 | Hardening |
| Manganese | 0.15 – 0.45 | Hardening |
| Silicon | 0.15 – 0.45 | Deoxidizer |
| Property | Description |
| Hardness | 64 – 66 HRC when heat treated |
| Wear resistance | Excellent abrasion and erosion resistance |
| Toughness | Higher than tungsten carbide grades |
| Compressive strength | Up to 300 ksi |
| Heat resistance | Can be used up to 600°C |
| Corrosion resistance | Better than plain carbon steels |
| Parameter | Typical value | Purpose |
| Layer height | 20-50 μm | Resolution versus build speed |
| Laser power | 250-500 W | Sufficient melting without evaporation |
| Scan speed | 400-1200 mm/s | Density versus production rate |
| Hatch spacing | 80-120 μm | Mechanical properties |
| Support structure | Minimal | Easy removal |
| Hot isostatic pressing | 1160°C, 100 MPa, 3 hrs | Eliminate porosity |
| Industry | Tooling applications |
| Automotive | Stamping dies, forming tools, fixtures |
| Aerospace | Jigs, fixtures, trim tools |
| Appliances | Punches, blanking dies, bending dies |
| Consumer goods | Injection molds, stamping dies |
| Medical | Cutting tools, rasps, drill guides |
| Parameter | Specification |
| Particle size range | 15-45 μm typical |
| Particle shape | Spherical morphology |
| Apparent density | > 4 g/cc |
| Tap density | > 6 g/cc |
| Hall flow rate | > 23 sec for 50 g |
| Purity | >99.9% |
| Oxygen content | <300 ppm |
| Method | Parameters Tested |
| Sieve analysis | Particle size distribution |
| SEM imaging | Particle morphology |
| EDX | Chemistry and composition |
| XRD | Phases present |
| Pycnometry | Density |
| Hall flow rate | Powder flowability |
| Alloy | Wear Resistance | Toughness | Cost | Ease of Processing |
| M2 | Excellent | Good | Medium | Fair |
| H13 | Good | Excellent | Low | Excellent |
| S7 | Excellent | Fair | High | Difficult |
| 420 stainless | Poor | Excellent | Low | Excellent |
| Pros | Cons |
| Excellent hardness and wear resistance | Lower toughness than cold work tool steels |
| Good heat resistance and thermal stability | Required post-processing like HIP and heat treatment |
| Established credentials for metal AM | Controlled atmosphere storage required |
| Cost advantage over exotic tool steels | Difficult to machine after printing |
| Properties match conventional M2 | Limited corrosion resistance |
OP431 Powder
OP431 Powder
| Product | OP431 Powder |
| CAS No. | 431-03-8 |
| Appearance | Light Gray Powder |
| Purity | ≥99%, ≥99.9%, ≥95%(Other purities are also available) |
| APS | 1-5 µM, 10-53 µM (Can be customized), Ask for other available size range. |
| Ingredient | Fe-W-Mo-Cr-V-Co |
| Density | 7.8-8.1g/cm3 |
| Molecular Weight | N/A |
| Product Codes | NCZ-DCY-357/25 |
OP431 Description:
OP431 Powder is one of the numerous advanced ceramic materials manufactured by Nanochemazone. Nanochemazone produces too many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia) and follows applicable ASTM testing standards. Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information are available. Please request a quote above for more information on lead time and pricing.OP431 Powder Related Information :
Storage Conditions: Airtight sealed, avoid light and keep dry at room temperature. Please contact us for customization and price inquiry Email: contact@nanochemazone.com Note: We supply different size ranges of Nano and micron as per the client’s requirements and also accept customization in various parameters. Stainless Steel OP431 Powder Stainless steel OP431 powder is a powdered form of stainless steel that consists of iron, chromium, nickel, and other alloying elements. It is manufactured through a specialized process called atomization, where molten stainless steel is rapidly cooled using gas or water, resulting in the formation of fine metal particles. Overview of Stainless Steel OP431 Powder OP431 stainless steel belongs to the ferritic grade steels which contain chromium as the principal alloying element. The addition of aluminum enhances oxidation and corrosion resistance at high temperatures. Key characteristics of OP431 powder include: Excellent oxidation and corrosion resistance up to 1150°C Good creep resistance and thermal fatigue strength Excellent thermo-mechanical stability High thermal conductivity and low thermal expansion Cost-effective compared to austenitic stainless steels Available in various particle size distributions OP431 powder is ideal for applications requiring oxidation resistance, thermal stability and moderate strength at elevated temperatures. Chemical Composition of OP431 Powder OP431 powder has the following nominal composition:| Element | Weight % |
| Iron (Fe) | Balance |
| Chromium (Cr) | 16-18% |
| Aluminum (Al) | 3-5% |
| Yttrium (Y) | 0.2-0.5% |
| Carbon (C) | 0.03% max |
| Silicon (Si) | 1% max |
| Manganese (Mn) | 1% max |
| Property | Value |
| Density | 7.3 g/cm3 |
| Melting Point | 1400-1450°C |
| Thermal Conductivity | 29 W/mK |
| Electrical Resistivity | 0.6 μΩ.cm |
| Young’s Modulus | 200 GPa |
| Poisson’s Ratio | 0.27-0.30 |
| Tensile Strength | 450-650 MPa |
| Yield Strength | 280-480 MPa |
| Elongation | 15-20% |
| Oxidation Resistance | Excellent up to 1150°C |
| Parameter | OP431 | 316L |
| Type | Ferritic | Austenitic |
| Cr content | 16-18% | 16-18% |
| Ni content | – | 10-14% |
| High temperature strength | Higher | Lower |
| Corrosion resistance | Moderate | Excellent |
| Cost | Lower | Higher |
| Applications | Thermal spray, igniters | Automotive, construction |
| Weldability | Poor | Excellent |
S2 Powder
S2 Powder
S2 powder produces cutting tools, dies, and machine components with extended service life under continuous high temperature and intermittent shock loading conditions.
S2 Powder Composition
Iron provides the ferritic matrix
Carbon, tungsten, and chromium form hard carbides
Vanadium and molybdenum enhance wear resistance
Manganese and silicon facilitate machining
S2 Powder Physical Properties
High density enables miniaturized components
Retains hardness and strength at elevated temperatures
Becomes paramagnetic above Curie point
Can withstand prolonged service up to 600°C
Good thermal conductivity reduces thermal expansion stresses
These properties provide a balanced combination of hot hardness and thermal shock resistance required in high speed machining applications.
S2 Powder Mechanical Properties
Exceptional hardness when heat treated
High strength with reasonable ductility
Very good compressive and transverse rupture strength
Excellent red hardness at elevated temperatures
Strength depends on heat treatment process
S2 powder produces cutting tools and dies with hardness, strength, and thermal properties needed to machine challenging materials at high speeds and temperatures.
S2 Powder Applications
Some specific product uses:
Cutting inserts, indexable tooling
Broaches, reamers, taps, threading dies
Metal slitting saws and industrial knives
Extrusion tooling and drawing dies
Cold heading and forging dies
Gauges, wear-resistant components
S2’s unique properties make it the top choice for reliable cutting tools and components used in demanding metalworking applications.
S2 Powder Specifications
Key specifications for S2 high speed steel powder:
S2 Powder Standards
These define:
Chemical composition limits of S2
Required mechanical properties in heat treated condition
Approved production methods like gas atomization
Compliance testing protocols
Quality assurance requirements
Proper packaging and identification
Powder produced to these standards ensures suitability for high wear resistance tooling applications under thermal fatigue conditions.
S2 Powder Particle Sizes
Finer particles allow greater densification during sintering
Coarser particles improve powder flow into die cavities
Size is selected based on final part properties needed
Both gas and water atomized particles used
Controlling size distribution optimizes pressing behavior, sintered density, and final component performance.
S2 Powder Apparent Density
Spherical powder shape provides high apparent density
Irregular powder has lower density around 45-50%
Higher apparent density improves die filling and part quality
Allows complex tool geometry compaction
Higher apparent density leads to better component production rate and performance.
S2 Powder Production
Gas atomization provides spherical powder shape
Vacuum melting eliminates gaseous impurities
Multiple remelting improves uniformity
Post-processing allows particle size customization
Fully automated processes combined with strict quality control ensures reliable and consistent S2 powder properties critical for tooling performance.
S2 Powder Handling and Storage
Storage Recommendations
Store sealed containers away from moisture or contamination
Maintain storage temperatures below 27°C
Limit exposure to oxidizing acids and chlorine compounds
Proper precautions during handling and storage help preserve purity and prevent safety hazards.
S2 Powder Testing
Testing ensures the powder meets the required chemical composition, physical characteristics, particle size distribution, morphology, density, and flow rate specifications.
S2 Powder Pros and Cons
Advantages of S2 Powder
Exceptional hot hardness and red hardness
High strength and wear resistance at elevated temperatures
Good toughness and thermal shock resistance
Resists softening and shape changes up to 600°C
Dimensional stability under thermal cycling
Cost-effective compared to exotic PM tool steel grades
Limitations of S2 Powder
Moderate corrosion resistance without surface treatment
Limited cold formability and shear strength
Requires careful heat treatment by experienced providers
Not weldable using conventional fusion welding
Large cross-sections can experience embrittlement
Contains expensive alloying elements
Comparison With H13 Tool Steel Powder
S2 vs H13 Tool Steel Powder
S2 has much greater hot hardness and thermal shock resistance
H13 provides better cold strength and toughness
S2 is more expensive due to higher alloy content
S2 preferred for high speed machining applications
H13 suited for cold and warm pressing tooling
S2 Powder FAQs
Q: What are the main applications of S2 tool steel powder?
A: Main applications include cutting tools like drills, mills, inserts, taps, dies, saws, planning tools, as well as extrusion tooling, forging dies, gauges, and components needing hot hardness and thermal shock resistance.
Q: What heat treatment is used for S2 tool steel powder?
A: S2 tool steel is typically heat treated by austenitizing between 1150-1200°C followed by air, oil, or polymer quenching, then tempering between 540-650°C to achieve hardness between 62-64 HRC.
Q: How does tungsten improve the properties of S2 steel?
A: Tungsten forms hard tungsten-iron-carbon complexes that provide exceptional hot hardness, strength and wear resistance at elevated temperatures needed for high speed machining applications.
Q: What safety precautions should be used when working with S2 powder?
A: Proper ventilation, protective gear, inert atmosphere, grounding, avoiding ignition sources, using non-sparking tools, and safe storage away from contamination or moisture.
| Product | S2 Powder |
| CAS No. | 77404-34-9 |
| Appearance | Metallic Powder |
| Purity | ≥99%, ≥99.9%, ≥95%(Other purities are also available) |
| APS | 1-5 µM, 10-53 µM (Can be customized), Ask for other available size range. |
| Ingredient | S-2 |
| Density | 7.8-8.1g/cm3 |
| Molecular Weight | N/A |
| Product Codes | NCZ-DCY-355/25 |
S2 Description:
M2 Powder is one of the numerous advanced ceramic materials manufactured by Nanochemazone. Nanochemazone produces too many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia) and follows applicable ASTM testing standards. Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information are available. Please request a quote above for more information on lead time and pricing.S2 Powder Related Information :
Storage Conditions: Airtight sealed, avoid light and keep dry at room temperature. Please contact us for customization and price inquiry Email: contact@nanochemazone.com Note: We supply different size ranges of Nano and micron as per the client’s requirements and also accept customization in various parameters. S2 Powder S2 powder is a high speed tool steel powder ideal for making cutting tools requiring high hardness, strength, and wear resistance at elevated temperatures. It contains tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium, and additional alloys providing excellent hot hardness and thermal fatigue resistance. Overview of S2 Powder S2 powder is a high speed tool steel powder ideal for making cutting tools requiring high hardness, strength, and wear resistance at elevated temperatures. It contains tungsten, molybdenum, vanadium, and additional alloys providing excellent hot hardness and thermal fatigue resistance. Key properties and advantages of S2 powder: S2 Powder Properties and Characteristics| Properties | Details |
| Composition | Fe-1C-5Cr-2.35Mo-6.4W-1.4V-2Si alloy |
| Density | 7.7 g/cc |
| Particle shape | Irregular, angular |
| Size range | 10-150 microns |
| Apparent density | Up to 50% of true density |
| Flowability | Low to moderate |
| Hardness | 62-64 HRC when heat treated |
| Toughness | Very good |
| Element | Weight % |
| Iron (Fe) | Balance |
| Carbon (C) | 0.9-1.2% |
| Chromium (Cr) | 3.8-4.5% |
| Tungsten (W) | 6.4% |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | 1.9-2.2% |
| Vanadium (V) | 1.3-1.6% |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.2-0.5% |
| Silicon (Si) | 0.9-1.4% |
| Property | Values |
| Density | 7.7 g/cc |
| Melting point | 1320-1350°C |
| Thermal conductivity | 37 W/mK |
| Electrical resistivity | 0.6 μΩ-m |
| Maximum service temperature | 600°C |
| Curie temperature | 770°C |
| Property | Values |
| Hardness | 62-64 HRC |
| Transverse rupture strength | 4500-4800 MPa |
| Compressive strength | 3800-4100 MPa |
| Tensile strength | 2050-2250 MPa |
| Yield strength | 1930-2050 MPa |
| Elongation | 8-10% |
| Impact toughness | 10-14 J/cm2 |
| Industry | Example Uses |
| Automotive | Cutting and milling tools |
| Aerospace | Drills, end mills |
| Manufacturing | Punches, forming dies |
| Oil and gas | Downhole tools, drill bits |
| General machining | Turning, boring, and planning tools |
| Standard | Description |
| ASTM A600 | Specification for tool steels high speed steel |
| JIS G4403 | High speed tool steels |
| DIN 1.2363 | Equivalent to AISI S7 high speed steel |
| UNS T11302 | Designation for AISI S2 grade |
| ISO 4957 | Tool steels specification |
| Particle Size | Characteristics |
| 10-22 microns | Ultrafine grade provides highest density |
| 22-53 microns | Most commonly used size range |
| 53-105 microns | Coarser size provides good flowability |
| Apparent Density | Details |
| Up to 50% of true density | For irregular powder morphology |
| 4.0-5.0 g/cc | Higher for spherical, lower for irregular powder |
| Method | Details |
| Gas atomization | High pressure inert gas breaks up molten alloy stream into fine droplets |
| Vacuum induction melting | High purity input materials melted under vacuum |
| Multiple remelting | Enhances chemical homogeneity |
| Sieving | Classifies powder into different particle size fractions |
| Recommendation | Reason |
| Ensure proper ventilation | Prevent exposure to fine metal particles |
| Use appropriate PPE | Avoid ingestion through nose/mouth |
| Ground equipment | Prevent static sparking |
| Avoid ignition sources | Flammable dust hazard |
| Use non-sparking tools | Prevent possibility of ignition |
| Follow safe protocols | Reduce fire, explosion, health risks |
| Test | Details |
| Chemical analysis | Verifies composition using optical/ICP spectroscopy |
| Particle size analysis | Determines size distribution using laser diffraction or sieving |
| Apparent density | Measured as per ASTM B212 using Hall flowmeter |
| Powder morphology | SEM imaging to determine particle shape |
| Flow rate test | Gravity flow rate through specified funnel |
| Tap density test | Density measured after mechanically tapping powder sample |
| Parameter | S2 | H13 |
| Hardness | 62-64 HRC | 54-57 HRC |
| Hot hardness | Excellent | Good |
| Toughness | Very good | Good |
| Thermal shock resistance | Excellent | Moderate |
| Cold strength | Good | Excellent |
| Cost | High | Low |
T15 Powder
T15 Powder
| Product | T15 Powder |
| CAS No. | 14807-96-6 |
| Appearance | Grayish or Metallic Powder |
| Purity | ≥99%, ≥99.9%, ≥95%(Other purities are also available) |
| APS | 1-5 µM, 10-53 µM (Can be customized), Ask for other available size range. |
| Ingredient | WC-Co |
| Density | 8.0-8.2g/cm3 |
| Molecular Weight | N/A |
| Product Codes | NCZ-DCY-358/25 |
T15 Description:
T15 Powder is one of the numerous advanced ceramic materials manufactured by Nanochemazone. Nanochemazone produces too many standard grades when applicable, including Mil Spec (military grade); ACS, Reagent and Technical Grade; Food, Agricultural and Pharmaceutical Grade; Optical Grade, USP and EP/BP (European Pharmacopoeia/British Pharmacopoeia) and follows applicable ASTM testing standards. Typical and custom packaging is available. Additional technical, research and safety (MSDS) information are available. Please request a quote above for more information on lead time and pricing.T15 Powder Related Information :
Storage Conditions: Airtight sealed, avoid light and keep dry at room temperature. Please contact us for customization and price inquiry Email: contact@nanochemazone.com Note: We supply different size ranges of Nano and micron as per the client’s requirements and also accept customization in various parameters. T15 Powder T15 powder is a tungsten carbide-cobalt cemented carbide powder that provides an exceptional combination of hardness, strength, and toughness. It contains a high percentage of tungsten carbide along with 15% cobalt as the binder phase. Overview of T15 Powder T15 powder is a tungsten carbide-cobalt cemented carbide powder that provides an exceptional combination of hardness, strength, and toughness. It contains a high percentage of tungsten carbide along with 15% cobalt as the binder phase. Key properties and advantages of T15 powder: T15 Powder Properties and Characteristics| Properties | Details |
| Composition | 85% WC with 15% Co binder |
| Density | 13.0-14.5 g/cc |
| Particle shape | Rounded, multi-faceted |
| Size range | 0.5-15 microns |
| Hardness | 88-93 HRA when sintered |
| Transverse rupture strength | 550-650 MPa |
| Component | Weight % |
| Tungsten carbide (WC) | 84-86% |
| Cobalt (Co) | 14-16% |
| Carbon (C) | 0.8% max |
| Oxygen (O) | 0.5% max |
| Iron (Fe) | 0.3% max |
| Nickel (Ni) | 0.3% max |
| Property | Values |
| Density | 13.0-14.5 g/cc |
| Melting point | 2870°C (WC) and 1495°C (Co) |
| Thermal conductivity | 60-100 W/mK |
| Electrical resistivity | 25-35 μΩ-cm |
| Coefficient of thermal expansion | 4.5-6.0 x 10^-6 /K |
| Maximum service temperature | 500°C in air |
| Property | Values |
| Hardness | 88-93 HRA |
| Transverse rupture strength | 550-650 MPa |
| Compressive strength | 5500-6200 MPa |
| Fracture toughness | 10-12 MPa.m^1/2 |
| Young’s modulus | 550-650 GPa |
| Impact strength | 350-900 kJ/m2 |
| Industry | Example Uses |
| Mining | Rock drill bits, grit blasting nozzles |
| Construction | Demolition tools, rock crushers |
| Manufacturing | Forming dies, metal drawing parts |
| Oil and gas | Stabilizers, downhole motors |
| General | Cutting and machining tools |
| Standard | Description |
| ISO 513 | Classification and application of cemented carbides |
| ASTM B276 | Cobalt-tungsten carbide powders and hard metals |
| JIS G 4053 | Sintered hard metals |
| GB/T 4661-2006 | Chinese standard for cemented carbides |
| Particle Size | Characteristics |
| 0.5-2 microns | Ultrafine grade provides superfinish |
| 0.5-5 microns | Submicron range enhances toughness |
| 3-15 microns | Most commonly used size for optimal properties |
| Method | Details |
| Carburization and reduction-diffusion | Produces fine spherical powders |
| Crushing sintered material | Lower cost, irregular angular particles |
| Milling | Ball milling used for particle size reduction |
| Spray drying | Granulation and spheroidization process |
| Degassing | Removes gaseous impurities |
| Recommendation | Reason |
| Use PPE and ventilation | Prevent exposure to fine particles |
| Avoid ignition sources | Powder can combust if overheated in air |
| Follow safe protocols | Reduce health and fire hazards |
| Use inert atmosphere | Prevent oxidation during powder processing |
| Store sealed containers | Prevent contamination or absorption |
| Test | Details |
| Chemical analysis | Verifies composition using ICP, EDX, or XRF |
| Particle size distribution | Laser diffraction or sedimentation analysis |
| Powder morphology | SEM imaging of particle shape |
| Apparent density | Measured as per ASTM B212 standard |
| Tap density | Density measured after mechanical tapping |
| Hall flow rate | Determines powder flowability |
| Parameter | T15 | WC-TiC-TaC |
| Hardness | 88-93 HRA | 92-96 HRA |
| Fracture toughness | 10-12 MPa.m^1/2 | 8-9 MPa.m^1/2 |
| Strength | Very high | Extremely high |
| Cost | Moderate | Very high |
| Corrosion resistance | Fair | Excellent |
| Applications | General wear parts | Extreme abrasion and corrosion |
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